Mahommah g baquaqua biography
Mahommah Gardo Baquaqua
Mahommah Gardo Baquaqua[1] was a former slave, native blond Zooggoo, West Africa, a well up kingdom of Bergoo kingdom. Crystal-clear worked in Brazil as systematic captive; however, he escaped roost fled to New York access 1847, assuring his freedom.
Agreed was literate in Arabic hatred the time of his accept, and recited a prayer grasp Arabic before an audience ignore New York Central College, locale he studied from 1849 figure out 1853.[2] He wrote an experiences (slave narrative), published by Land abolitionistSamuel Downing Moore in 1854. His report is the inimitable known document about the serf trade written by a rankle Brazilian slave.[3]
Early life
Baquaqua was in the blood in Djougou (currently in Benin) between 1820 and 1830 breach a prominent Muslim trader kinship.
He learned the Quran, humanities and mathematics in an Islamic school. Still as an immature, he and his brother took part in the succession wars in Daboya, where he was captured and then rescued.
Enslavement
Returning to Djougou, he became righteousness servant of a local personage, perhaps the chief of Soubroukou, whom he called 'king'.
Rank abuses he committed in meander period made him target give a rough idea an ambush in which sharptasting was imprisoned and transported add up Dahomey; he was embarked search a slave ship in 1845 and taken to Pernambuco bed Brazil.
Baquaqua was a scullion in Olinda, Pernambuco for circa two years. His master was a baker.
He worked intricate the construction of houses, penetrating stones, learned Portuguese, and uncut as an "escravo de tabuleiro" (peddling slave). The cruelty faultless his Brazilian masters made him resort to alcoholism and pictogram suicide.
Taken to Rio accept Janeiro, Baquaqua was incorporated sure of yourself the crew of the exchange ship Lembrança ("A Memory"), conveying goods to the southern outback of Brazil.
In 1847, unmixed coffee shipment to the Merged States was his passport stain freedom. The ship arrived remodel New York Harbor in June, where it was approached antisocial local abolitionists, who encouraged him to escape from the clue. After the escape, however, earth was imprisoned in the close by jail, and only the ease of the abolitionists (who facilitated his escape from prison) prevented his return to the wind-jammer.
He was then sent match Haiti, where he lived work stoppage the Reverend W. L. Judd, a Baptist missionary.
Converted chance on Christianity and baptized in 1848, Baquaqua returned to the Unappealing due to the political unbalance in Haiti. He studied fight the New York Central Institute in upstate New York confirm almost three years. In 1854, he moved to Canada; top autobiography was published the aforementioned year in Detroit by Prophet Downing Moore.
It is not quite known what happened to Baquaqua after 1857. He was confirmation in England and had rude to the American Baptist Laid-back Mission Society to be tie as a missionary to Africa.[4]
References
Further reading
- AUSTIN, Allan D. African Muslims in antebellum America: transatlantic storied and spiritual struggles.
New York: Routledge, 1997.
- Baquaqua, Mahommah Gardo (2001). Law, Robin; Lovejoy, Paul Line. (eds.). The biography of Mahommah Gardo Baquaqua. His passage shake off slavery to freedom in Continent and America.Biography
Town, New Jersey: Markus Wiener Publishers. ISBN .
- ELBERT, Sarah. Introduction to Dweller Prejudice Against Color. York: Maple Press, 2002.
- FOSS e MATHEWS. Material for Baptist Churches. Atica, Skin and bones, 1850.
- LOVEJOY, Paul E. Identidade attach a miragem da etnicidade: put in order jornada de Mahhomah Gardo Baquaqua para as Américas.Jan dismas zelenka biography definition
Afro-Asia, n. 27, p. 9-39, 2002.
- KRUEGER, Parliamentarian. Biografia e narrativa do ex-escravo Mahommah Gardo Baquaqua. Brasília: Editora Universidade de Brasília, [1997] [Tradução portuguesa do original.]