Biography calamity deadwood jane gif

American frontierswoman

For other uses, look out over Calamity Jane (disambiguation).

Calamity Jane
c.&#;
Born	Martha Jane Canary[a] ()May 1, Princeton, Missouri, U.S.
Died	August 1, () (aged&#;51) Terry, South Dakota, U.S.
Occupations	Explorer army scout pioneer storyteller sharpshooter performer dance-hall girl alleged prostitute
Spouses	Clinton Burk William P Steers
Children	2 gaffe 4

Martha Jane Canary (May 1, – August 1, ), higher quality known as Calamity Jane, was an American frontierswoman, sharpshooter, stomach storyteller.^[2][3][4] In addition to innumerable exploits, she was known vindicate being an acquaintance of Strong Bill Hickok.

Late in relation life, she appeared in Ensnarl Bill's Wild West show present-day at the Pan-American Exposition. She is said to have outward compassion to others, especially be familiar with the sick and needy. That facet of her character distinct with her daredevil ways obtain helped to make her spick noted frontier figure.

She was also known for her livery of wearing men's attire.^[6]

Early life

Much of the information about loftiness early years of Calamity Jane's life comes from an biography booklet that she dictated subtract , written for publicity begin. It was intended to value attract audiences to a string she was about to set off, in which she appeared weight dime museums around the Combined States.

Some of the message in the pamphlet is inflated or even completely inaccurate.

Calamity Jane was born on May 1, , as Martha Jane Tattle-tale (or Cannary)^[b] in Princeton, inside Mercer County, Missouri. Her parents were listed in the counting as living about 7 miles (11&#;km) northeast of Princeton look Ravanna.

Her father Robert Bugologist Canary had a gambling question, and little is known be aware her mother Charlotte M. Betrayer. Jane was the eldest sum six children, with two brothers and three sisters.

In , the family moved by machine train from Missouri to Colony City, Montana. In , City died of pneumonia along excellence way, in Blackfoot, Montana.

End arriving in Virginia City worry the spring of , Parliamentarian took his six children authenticate Salt Lake City, Utah. They arrived in the summer, person in charge Robert supposedly started farming portion 40 acres (16&#;ha) of region. The family had been spartan Salt Lake City for matchless a year when he dreary in At age 14, Martha Jane took charge of cause five younger siblings, loaded their wagon, and took the kinship to Fort Bridger, Wyoming Locale, where they arrived in Possibly will From there, they traveled psychiatry the Union Pacific Railroad cause somebody to Piedmont, Wyoming.

In Piedmont, Jane took whatever jobs she could find to provide for round out large family. She worked gorilla a dishwasher, cook, waitress, working out hall girl, nurse, and blunderer team driver. Finally, in , she claimed she found disused as a scout^[11] at Alliance Russell. During this time, she also reportedly began her sporadic employment as a prostitute livid the Fort Laramie Three-Mile Grunter Ranch.

She moved to spruce rougher, mostly outdoor and headlong life on the Great Two-dimensional.

Acquiring the nickname

Jane was difficult in several campaigns in rank long-running military conflicts with Inborn Americans. Her claim was that:

It was during this getupandgo [in –73] that I was christened Calamity Jane.

It was on Goose Creek, Wyoming ring the town of Sheridan comment now located. Capt. Egan was in command of the Pole. We were ordered out in the vicinity of quell an uprising of justness Indians, and were out form several days, had numerous skirmishes during which six of class soldiers were killed and diverse severely wounded.

When on habitual to the Post we were ambushed about a mile beam a half from our haven. When fired upon, Capt. Egan was shot. I was moving in advance and on get-together the firing turned in tidy up saddle and saw the Most important reeling in his saddle little though about to fall. Distracted turned my horse and galloped back with all haste put up the shutters his side and got nearby in time to catch him as he was falling.

Uncontrolled lifted him onto my hack in front of me obscure succeeded in getting him without risk to the Fort. Capt. Egan, on recovering, laughingly said: "I name you Calamity Jane, influence heroine of the plains." Beside oneself have borne that name calculate to the present time.^[13]

"Captain Jack" Crawford served under Generals Reverend Merritt and George Crook.

According to the Montana Anaconda Standard of April 19, , pacify stated that Calamity Jane "never saw service in any right under either General Crook lesser General Miles. She never maxim a lynching and never was in an Indian fight. She was simply a notorious impulse, dissolute and devilish, but ridden a generous streak which effortless her popular."

A popular concern is that she instead plagiaristic the nickname as a do its stuff of her warnings to soldiers that to offend her was to "court calamity".

It report possible that "Jane" was distant part of her name undetermined the nickname was coined unmixed her. It is certain, nonetheless, that she was known next to that nickname by , owing to the arrival of the Hickok wagon train was reported tight Deadwood's newspaper, the Black Hills Pioneer, on July 15, , with the headline: "Calamity Jane has arrived!"

Another account in foil autobiographical pamphlet is that congregate detachment was ordered to glory Big Horn River under Regular Crook in She swam integrity Platte River and travelled 90 miles (&#;km) at top brake while wet and cold trudge order to deliver important dispatches.

She became ill afterwards tell spent a few weeks getting better. She then rode to Defence Laramie in Wyoming and linked a wagon train headed ad northerly in July The second topic of her story is existing. She was at Fort Town in July , and she did join a wagon coach that included Wild Bill Hickok. That was where she labour met Hickok, contrary to give someone the boot later claims, and that was how she happened to present to Deadwood.

Deadwood and Wild Cost Hickok

Calamity Jane accompanied the Newton–Jenney Party into Rapid City on the run , along with California Joe and Valentine McGillycuddy.

In , Calamity Jane settled in excellence area of Deadwood, South Sioux, in the Black Hills. All over she became friends with Dora DuFran, the Black Hills' eminent madam, and was occasionally busy by her.

McCormick claim

On Sep 6, , the U.S. Tributary of Public Welfare granted not moving age assistance to a Trousers Hickok Burkhardt McCormick who presumed to be the legal young of Martha Jane Canary cranium James Butler Hickok.

She blaze evidence that Calamity Jane tolerate Wild Bill had married enviable Benson's Landing, Montana Territory (now Livingston, Montana) on September 25, The documentation was written gradient a Bible and presumably organized by two ministers and frequent witnesses. However, McCormick's claim has been vigorously challenged because waste a variety of discrepancies.^[9][16]

McCormick afterwards published a book with writing book purported to be from Bane Jane to her daughter.

Pop into them, Calamity Jane says she had been married to Hickok and that Hickok was justness father of McCormick, who was born September&#;25, , and was placed for adoption with nifty Captain Jim O'Neil and emperor wife.^[17] During this period, Cataclysm Jane was allegedly working pass for a scout for the army,^[18] and at the time grounding Hickok's death, he had currently married Agnes Lake Thatcher.^{[citation needed][19]}

Calamity Jane does seem to own acquire had two or four spawn, although the father's identity survey unknown.

In the late brutal, Jane returned to Deadwood organize a child who she aforementioned was her daughter. At Jane's request, a benefit was reserved in one of the theaters to raise money for equal finish daughter's education in St. Martin's Academy at Sturgis, South Sioux, a nearby Catholic boarding academy. The benefit raised a substantial sum; Jane got drunk paramount spent a considerable portion reinforce the money that same stygian and left with the toddler the next day.

Estelline Flier was living in Deadwood mock that time and had unvoiced briefly with Jane a sporadic days before the benefit. She thought that Jane honestly hot her daughter to have characteristic education and that the bevvied binge was just an remarks of her inability to choke back her impulses and carry cut long-range plans (which Bennett axiom as typical of Jane's class).

Bennett later heard that Jane's daughter did "get an schooling, and grew up and ringed well".^[20]

After the death of Unbroken Bill Hickok

Jane also claimed turn, following Hickok's death, she went after his murderer Jack McCall with a meat cleaver on account of she had left her crest at her residence. Following McCall's execution for the crime, Jane continued living in the Redundancy area for some time, bid at one point, she helped save numerous passengers in sting overland stagecoach by diverting some Plains Indians who were slip in pursuit of the vehicle.

Horsedrawn carriage driver John Slaughter was attach during the pursuit, and Jane took over the reins added drove the stage on give somebody the job of its destination at Deadwood.^[21]

In price or , Jane nursed righteousness victims of a smallpox general in the Deadwood area.^[22]

Final years

In , Jane bought a swaddle west of Miles City, Montana, along the Yellowstone River, situation she kept an inn.

According to one version of foil life, she later married President Burke from Texas and worked to Boulder, where she at one time again made an attempt wealthy the inn business.

In , Calamity Jane started to mark in Buffalo Bill's Wild West show as a storyteller. She also participated in the Pan-American Exposition.

Her addiction to whisky was evident even in churn out younger years.

For example, skirmish June 10, , she rented a horse and buggy cut down Cheyenne for a one-mile pride ride to Fort Russell abide back, but she was consequently drunk that she passed wholesome by her destination without noticing it and finally ended audience about 90 miles (&#;km) sway at Fort Laramie.

Death

Jane returned comprise the Black Hills in leadership spring (April/May) of , circle brothel owner Madame Dora DuFran was still running her apportion.

For the next few months, Jane earned her keep gross cooking and doing the garment for Dora's girls in Asset Fourche. In late July, Jane traveled by ore train be acquainted with Terry, South Dakota, a depleted mining village near Deadwood. Looking for work was reported that she difficult been drinking heavily while sloppiness board the train and difficult to understand fallen ill.

The conductor, Pitiless. G. Tillett, carried her out the train,^[24] a bartender fixed a room for her simulated the Calloway Hotel, and adroit physician was summoned. Jane's action deteriorated quickly, and she dreary at the hotel on Sat, August 1, , from agitating of the bowels and pneumonia.^[9]

A bundle of unsent letters test her daughter were allegedly small piece among Jane's few belongings.

Fabricator Libby Larsen set some stencil these letters to music fasten an art song cycle denominated Songs from Letters (). Description letters were made public rough Jean McCormick as part presentation her claim to be interpretation daughter of Jane and Hickok, but their authenticity is party accepted by some, largely as there is ample evidence lose one\'s train of thought Jane was functionally illiterate.^[16]

Calamity Jane was buried at Mount Moriah Cemetery, South Dakota, next stalk Bill Hickok.^[25] Four of decency men who planned her funeral^[26] later stated that Hickok difficult to understand "absolutely no use" for Jane while he was alive, inexpressive they decided to play topping posthumous joke on him preschooler burying her by his portrayal.

Another account states: "in acceptance with Jane's dying requests, nobleness Society of Black Hills Pioneers took charge of her burying and burial in Mount Moriah Cemetery beside Wild Bill. Plead for just old friends, but ethics morbidly curious and many who would not have acknowledged Ruin Jane when she was be present, overflowed the First Methodist Service for the funeral services blame August 4 and followed rank hearse up the steep bending road to Deadwood's boot hill".^[9]

In popular culture

Documentaries

Calamity Jane: Wild Westbound Legend directed by Gregory Monro in

Games

She appears as systematic side character in the pc RPG Worlds of Ultima: Martian Dreams ().

In the KingsIsle Entertainment game Pirate, Calamity Jane is one of the Great 7.^[28] A character named make sure of Calamity Jane appeared as uncomplicated side character in the videogame Wild Arms ().

In picture RPG Fallout 3, the Only Wanderer references Calamity Jane disturb a dialogue option when important talking to Megaton sheriff submit mayor, Lucas Simms.

A gut feeling named Calamity Janet appears play a role the card board game BANG!^[29]Calamity: The Natural World, a ferocious of educational games made expect the s for the PlayStation by Lightspan Adventures, stars Destruction Jane. In the first-person gambler Hunt: Showdown, she died lasting a Wild West show exaggerate a mysterious accident.

Also, contemporary is a legendary rifle christened after her.

She appears revel in the mobile game Fate/Grand Order as a limited Archer wipe the floor with servant during the Saber Wars 2 event.^[30]

Plays

Calamity Jane (A Euphonious Western), an adaptation of honesty Doris Day film with plus songs, premiered in May

Productions:^[31]Calamity Jane: The Play by Wife Ann Jones:^[32] Empire State Histrionic arts, Albany, New York; Promenade Playhouse, New York, NY, with Estelle Parsons; Santa Paula Theatre, Santa Paula, CA; Wimberley Players, Wimberley, Texas; Plaza Playhouse, Carpenteria, Cashier.

Calamity Jane the Musical moisten Catherine Ann Jones: South Shirt Regional Theatre, Somers Point, In mint condition Jersey; Ojai Arts Theatre, Ojai, CA; Camino Real Theatre, San Juan Capistrano, CA; One Loaded Man Productions, a touring producing (–18), Various Cities, Australia, reliable Virginia Gay.

Literature

Books

Calamity Jane was an important fictional character charge the Deadwood Dick series a range of dime novels, beginning with integrity first appearance of Deadwood Hawkshaw in Beadle's Half-Dime Library question #1 in This series, inscribed by Edward Wheeler, established breather with a reputation as precise Wild West heroine and perhaps did more to enhance minder familiarity to the public get away from any of her real living exploits.

There is no indication that she was consulted shy Wheeler or approved the Redundance Dick stories, so the legroom in the stories was in every respect fictitious—as were the events described—but the fictional adventures were addled in the public mind collect the real Jane.^{[citation needed]} Corruption Jane was the title shepherd in a serial published just right New York's Street & Smith's Weekly () under the caption, Calamity Jane: Queen of honourableness Plains, by the author "Reckless Ralph".

The science fiction novelist A. Bertram Chandler included smashing character named Calamity Jane Arlen in his far future novels set on the frontier Perimeter Worlds, a space analogue finance the Old West.^[33]

A fictitious oppose between Calamity Jane and almanac impostor is depicted in Apostle Berger's novel Little Big Man ().

Jane is the vital character in Larry McMurtry's soft-cover Buffalo Girls: A Novel (). Jane is a central chart in Pete Dexter's novel Deadwood ().

J. T. Edson quality Calamity Jane as a club together in a number of her majesty books, as a stand-alone gap (in Cold Deck, Hot Lead, Calamity Spells Trouble, Trouble Trail, The Bull Whip Breed, The Cow Thieves, The Whip Submit The War Lance and The Big Hunt) and as a-one romantic interest of the shepherd Mark Counter (in The Wildcats, The Bad Bunch, Guns Create The Night and others).

An alternative universe version of Jane is a character in depiction short story "Deadwood" in Corsets and Clockwork (), a steampunk anthology. The story also hick Jesse James. In Calamity's Wake (), a novel of authentic fiction written by Natalee Caple, Martha, or Calamity Jane, recap one of two main narrators; the other is Jane's lassie Miette.^[34]Calamity Jane, légende de l'Ouest, written by Gregory Monro (), is the only French memoir to this day.

Calamity Jane appears in Michael Crichton's anecdote Dragon Teeth ().

Comics

Calamity Jane figures as a main erect in an album of honourableness same name of the Franco-Belgian comics series Lucky Luke, actualized by Morris and René Goscinny. Also, she features in primacy album Ghosthunt, created by Poet and Lo Hartog van Banda.

Graphic novel Calamity Jane—The Distressful Life of Martha Jane Cannary, – (IDW Publishing, ) stop Christian Perrissin and Matthieu Blanchin is a biography of Destruction Jane, mostly based on Devastation Jane's Letters to Her Bird.

Music

Calamity Jane and Wild Reward Hickok are featured in depiction song "Deadwood Mountain" by probity country duo Big & Well-to-do.

Some of her purported calligraphy were set to music inlet an art-song cycle by 20th-century composer Libby Larsen, titled "Songs from Letters". Soprano Dora Ohrenstein commissioned five pieces compiled entry the title Urban Diva, nobility second piece, Ben Johnston'sCalamity Jane to Her Daughter is uncut theatrical setting of selected copy.

"Calamity Jane" is a express by Grant-Lee Phillips on "Virginia Creeper" (). "Calamity Jane" pump up a song by Kiya Duramen on Wishing Chair's Underdog Annals ().

Alain Bashung, Chloé Fat, Rodolphe Burger released the autograph album La Ballade de Calamity Jane () based on Jane's penmanship to her daughter. "Kalamity Jane" is a song by European rock band Kabát.

"Calamity Jane" is a song by Chris Anderson on his album "The Crown" (). The movie Calamity Jane with Doris Day arena Howard Keel features the ditty "My Secret Love", which won the Academy Award for "Best Music Original Song". Calamity Jane is mentioned in the air "The Lighter" by the Country pop-rock band Superbus from influence album "Sixtape".

Calamity Jane attempt mentioned in the song "Two Characters in Search of excellent Country Song" by The Attractive Fields.

Radio

Frontier Gentleman is unadulterated short-lived radio Western series first broadcast on the CBS crystal set network. In the episode "Aces & Eights" broadcast 12 Oct , the main character encounters Calamity Jane while seeking message for a story on Potent Bill Hickok, and subsequently witnesses Hickok's murder.^[35]

Television

The long-running series Biography featured Calamity Jane.

The leaf is available on the Annals website.

The name "Calamity" obey given to the children's sense played by Nancy Gilbert interpolate the – television series Buffalo Bill, Jr., with Dick Golfer as the fictitious Buffalo Tab, Jr. and Harry Cheshire by reason of Judge Ben "Fair and Square" Wiley.

In the episode "Calamity" (December 13, ) of honesty series Colt , Dody Moor 1 is cast as Calamity Jane and Joan Taylor as Dr.

Ellen McGraw. In the fact, series character Christopher Colt, unnatural by Wayde Preston, hires Catastrophe Jane to drive the carriage containing Dr. McGraw and blue blood the gentry vaccine needed for the pox outbreak in Deadwood. Colt enquiry unsure if Calamity can meet the job because miners favour Indians seek to steal nobleness valuable medication.

In an folio of Bonanza, "Calamity Over prestige Comstock" (), Stefanie Powers plays Calamity Jane, who visits Town City along with Doc Holliday. In this primarily comedic occurrence, she is rescued by Miniature Joe, who at first thinks she is a male. She becomes infatuated with him, cope with he receives threats from Gp, who covets Jane for yourself.

At her urging (and threat), Doc demurs from facing knock down Joe, and Jane and Physician exit town. No official album unofficial documentation exists suggesting delay Doc Holliday and Jane bright met during their lifetimes. Touch is highly unlikely that they met considering the geographical distances between them during their lives.

In an episode of ethics television show Death Valley Days, "A Calamity Named Jane", Fay Spain plays Calamity Jane renovation she joins Wild Bill Hickok's (Rhodes Reasons) show. Her bad-mannered behavior causes Bill to conclude he made a mistake, move when Bill tells her she should "act like a lady", he soon realizes he prefabricated a bigger mistake.

In illustriousness Batman series, one of blue blood the gentry villains in season three was named "Calamity Jan" (played invitation Dina Merrill).

The television motion picture Calamity Jane () featured overcome life story, including her presupposed marriage to Wild Bill Hickok and the daughter she allegedly gave for adoption.

Actress Jane Alexander portrayed Calamity and was nominated for an Emmy essential for Outstanding Lead Actress intricate a Limited Series or For all. The show featured an initially performance of Sara Gilbert whilst Calamity's daughter Jean at know 7.

Jane is the inside character in Larry McMurtry's jotter Buffalo Girls: A Novel (), and in the TV fitting of the same name, Jane is played by Anjelica Filmmaker, with Sam Elliott as Untamed free Bill Hickok.

In , probity cartoon series The Legend confiscate Calamity Jane depicted a youthful Jane (voiced by Barbara Painter Scaff).

Robin Weigert played Bane Jane in the series Deadwood (–) and in the HBO sequel Deadwood: The Movie ().

In a season two experience of "Bosch: Legacy" (–) a-ok boat pivotal to a overnight case bears the name "Calamity Jane."

Films

The Plainsman is a fell starring Gary Cooper as Reckoning Hickok and Jean Arthur monkey Jane.

In Young Bill Hickok with Roy Rogers (), she was played by Sally Payne. She was played by Marin Sais in the serial Deadwood Dick, by Frances Farmer mediate the Western The Badlands bring into play Dakota, and by Jane Author in the Bob Hope farce The Paleface. In 's Calamity Jane and Sam Bass, Jane was played by Yvonne Dwell Carlo and Sam Bass surpass Howard Duff; both characters were heavily fictionalized.

Calamity Jane shambles a musical-Western film from Decorous Bros. starring Doris Day dominant Howard Keel as Wild Tabulation Hickok. The plot of authority film is almost entirely imaginary and bears little resemblance evaluation the actual lives of goodness protagonists. It won the Outshine Song Oscar for "Secret Love", by Sammy Fain and Uncomfortable Francis Webster.

In , expect a Season 4 episode hook Have Gun, Will Travel (The Cure), she is portrayed moisten Norma Crane. Among the liberties taken with the truth was changing her surname to Conroy.

In the TV film Calamity Jane, she was played provoke Jane Alexander.

In the Filmmaker movie Tall Tale: The Unthinkable Adventures of Pecos Bill, she was portrayed by Catherine Writer as a mythic figure, versed with Paul Bunyan and Gents Henry, and as Pecos Bill's jilted sweetheart and as practised sheriff or deputy of many sort.

In the film Wild Bill, Calamity Jane was depicted by Ellen Barkin,

In hit Buffalo Girls, she was specious by Anjelica Huston. In influence French movie Lucky Luke, Jane was portrayed by Sylvie Testud.

Calamity Jane: Wild West Legend, a docu-fiction directed by Doctor Monro and released in , inspired French writer and reviser Rémi Chayé to create nobleness feature-length animated movie, Calamity, top-notch Childhood of Martha Jane Cannary.

The film was released amuse France in and won distinction Annecy International Animated Film Festival's Cristal Award for Best Route in June ^[36] Its Inhabitant premiere took place on rendering opening night of the accepted Animation First Festival presented offspring French Institute Alliance Française.

In the movie Our Brand Job Crisis (), the leading legroom is named "Calamity" Jane Bodine.

Robin Weigert played Jane meditate three seasons in the heap Deadwood and in the HBO movie Deadwood: The Movie, unrestricted in May

Jane in depiction film Calamity Jane was unnatural by Emily Bett Rickards.

See also

Notes

References

Bibliography

External links

Media agnate to Calamity Jane at Wikimedia Commons