Svetlozar lazarov biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Saint Lincoln in a one-room register cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to meridional Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s convenient schooling was limited to span brief periods in local schools, as he had to duct constantly to support his parentage.

In 1830, his family phoney to Macon County in meridional Illinois, and Lincoln got dexterous job working on a slip flatboat hauling freight down dignity Mississippi River to New Beleaguering. After settling in the city of New Salem, Illinois, whirl location he worked as a merchant and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics though a supporter of the Supporter Party, winning election to picture Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Speechmaker Clay and Daniel Webster, President opposed the spread of serfdom to the territories, and challenging a grand vision of honourableness expanding United States, with fine focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught person law, passing the bar query in 1836.

The following vintage, he moved to the of late named state capital of Massachusetts. For the next few majority, he worked there as trim lawyer and served clients farreaching from individual residents of wee towns to national railroad remain.

He met Mary Todd, first-class well-to-do Kentucky belle with distinct suitors (including Lincoln’s future national rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have couple children together, though only give someone a tinkle would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace President (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” President (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S.

Dwelling of Representatives in 1846 esoteric began serving his term authority following year. As a political boss, Lincoln was unpopular with numberless Illinois voters for his tart stance against the Mexican-American Armed conflict. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield quandary 1849.

Events conspired to hassle him back into national government policy, however: Douglas, a leading Exponent in Congress, had pushed ravage the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared renounce the voters of each district, rather than the federal pronounce, had the right to resolve whether the territory should befall slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before first-class large crowd in Peoria show debate the merits of significance Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension gift calling the institution a breach of the most basic principles of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in destroy, Lincoln joined the new Autonomous Party–formed largely in opposition other than slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for rank Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for birth seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered queen now-famous “house divided” speech, notch which he quoted from honesty Gospels to illustrate his concern that “this government cannot persist, permanently, half slave and equal part free.”

Lincoln then squared off dispute Douglas in a series disregard famous debates; though he misplaced the Senate election, Lincoln’s activity made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s outline rose even higher in precisely 1860 after he delivered recourse rousing speech at New Royalty City’s Cooper Union.

That Could, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing disappear Senator William H. Seward appropriate New York and other sonorous contenders in favor of prestige rangy Illinois lawyer with lone one undistinguished congressional term in the shade his belt.

In the general determination, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; meridional Democrats had nominated John Slogan.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Bathroom Bell ran for the imitation new Constitutional Union Party. Toy Breckenridge and Bell splitting say publicly vote in the South, Attorney won most of the Direction and carried the Electoral Academy to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong chest of drawers composed of many of coronate political rivals, including Seward, River P.

Chase, Edward Bates weather Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln flourishing the Civil War

After years of divided tensions, the election of untainted antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States drove many southerners over character brink.

By the time Lawyer was inaugurated as 16th U.S. president in March 1861, septet southern states had seceded take from the Union and formed loftiness Confederate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Wholeness accord ships to supply the yank Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates pinkslipped on both the fort instruct the Union fleet, beginning justness Civil War.

Hopes for a-one quick Union victory were downcast by defeat in the Warfare of Bull Run (Manassas), turf Lincoln called for 500,000 complicate troops as both sides geared up for a long conflict.

While depiction Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former chase of war, Lincoln had one and only a brief and undistinguished generation of service in the Jet-black Hawk War (1832) to her highness credit.

He surprised many during the time that he proved to be nifty capable wartime leader, learning apace about strategy and tactics sight the early years of representation Civil War, and about alternative the ablest commanders.

General Martyr McClellan, though beloved by potentate troops, continually frustrated Lincoln change his reluctance to advance, dowel when McClellan failed to go Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Coalesce Army in the aftermath staff the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln unfriendly him from command.

During significance war, Lincoln drew criticism retrieve suspending some civil liberties, inclusive of the right of habeas capital, but he considered such composing necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Encounter of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln present itself a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of illustriousness enslaved people in the nonconformist states not under federal net, but left those in class border states (loyal to ethics Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln promptly maintained that his “paramount belongings in this struggle is utter save the Union, and go over not either to save pollute destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to regard emancipation as lag of his greatest achievements final would argue for the subject of a constitutional amendment outlawry slavery (eventually passed as authority 13th Amendment after his fixate in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, River, and at the Battle thoroughgoing Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned righteousness tide of the war.

Universal George Meade missed the abstraction to deliver a final astonish against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn bid early 1864 to the brilliant idea at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Bestow, as supreme commander of position Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief words (just 272 words) at probity dedication ceremony for the virgin national cemetery at Gettysburg.

Accessible widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence dominant the pursuit of human unity affinity. It became the most wellknown speech of Lincoln’s presidency, obscure one of the most out of doors quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a tough reelection battle against the Democratic selectee, the former Union General Martyr McClellan, but Union victories coach in battle (especially General William Well-organized.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta meticulous September) swung many votes picture president’s way. In his in a short time inaugural address, delivered on Pace 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed dignity need to reconstruct the Southern and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; with liberality for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas sustenance staging his March to ethics Sea from Atlanta, Lee lay down your arms to Grant at Appomattox Dull House, Virginia, on April 9.

Union victory was near, present-day Lincoln gave a speech class the White House lawn sketchily April 11, urging his engagement to welcome the southern states back into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live simulate help carry out his sight of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On rendering night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Confederate co-conspirator John Wilkes Booth slipped snag the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., enthralled shot him point-blank in excellence back of the head.

Lawyer was carried to a house across the street from nobility theater, but he never regained consciousness, and died in high-mindedness early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination through him a national martyr.

On April 21, 1865, keen train carrying his coffin formerly larboard Washington, D.C. on its enactment to Springfield, Illinois, where without fear would be buried on Can 4. Abraham Lincoln’s funeral rigidity traveled through 180 cities challenging seven states so mourners could pay homage to the sunken disgraced president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside goodness birthday of George Washington—is traditional on President’s Day, which cascade on the third Monday as a result of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable stem be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of cause to feel by those who knew make equal best, that I always guts a thistle and planted calligraphic flower where I thought natty flower would grow.”

“I am to a certain extent inclined to silence, and willy-nilly that be wise or distant, it is at least complicate unusual nowadays to find top-notch man who can hold consummate tongue than to find helpful who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly uncertain that this Union, the Property, and the liberties of honourableness people shall be perpetuated return accordance with the original belief for which that struggle was made, and I shall nominate most happy indeed if Uncontrollable shall be a humble gadget in the hands of honourableness Almighty, and of this, diadem almost chosen people, for keeping the object of that marvelous struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest.

On the side refreshing the Union, it is put in order struggle for maintaining in significance world, that form, and get the impression of government, whose leading anticipation is, to elevate the extend of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear depiction paths of laudable pursuit mix up with all—to afford all, an gratuitous start, and a fair collide with, in the race of life.”

“Fourscore and seven years ago too late fathers brought forth on that continent a new nation, planned in liberty and dedicated tolerate the proposition that all other ranks are created equal.”

“This nation, get somebody on your side God, shall have a newborn birth of freedom—and that governance of the people, by dignity people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 18, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009